To indicate that something is being caused to happen add one of the following special endings to the matching tense stem. There is a special pronunciation change based on the final sound of the stem you are attaching to!

This suffix only attaches to verbs that do not indicate something or someone doing for themselves. This suffix can not be used on verbs such as “He is running”. In such cases a verb that indicates some degree of “to make it”, “to cause it”, or “to motivate it” should be used instead.

Note: The present tense suffix attaches to the present tense stem, the past tense suffix attaches to the past tense stem, and so forth.

S-Form

Use one of the following suffixes if the stem ends with a “a”, “e”, “i”, “o”, “u”, “v”, “w”, “y”, “n”, or “l” sound. These are the soft “sonorant” sounds.

• -ᏍᏗᎭ
  [-sdi²ha] “is causing it to…”

• -ᏍᏓᏅᎢ
  [-sdạ²nv²³ɂi] “did cause it to…”

• -ᏍᏗᏍᎪᎢ
  [-sdi²sgo³ɂi] “habitually causes it to be…”

• -ᏍᏓ
  [-sda] “let cause it to…”

• -ᏍᏙᏗ
  [-sdọ²di] “to cause it to…”

H-Form

If the stem ends with a “d/t”, “g/k”, “tl”, “j/ch”, or “s” sound then use one of the following suffixes. These are the harder “obstruent” sounds.

• -ᏗᎭ
  [-hdi²ha] “is causing it to…”

• -ᏓᏅᎢ
  [-hdạ²nv²³ɂi] “did cause it to…”

• -ᏗᏍᎪᎢ
  [-hdi²sgo³ɂi] “habitually causes it to be…”

• -Ꮣ
  [-hda] “let cause it to…”

• -ᏙᏗ
  [-hdọ²di] “to cause it to…”

When this set is used, an ending “d” becomes “t”, an ending “g” becomes “k”, , and an ending “j” becomes “ch”.